RDA 的安裝使用
RDA 4.24 版本是：Patchset 12561777，可以直接從MOS 上下載。
我上傳的RDA下載地址：http://www.innovatechautomation.com/soft/32654.html
包含：AIX 64位，linux 32位， windows 32和 64 位 4個(gè)版本的RDA 4.24 版本。
3.1 RDA 安裝
1) Choose or create a directory orarea on your UNIX server. Make sure you have sufficient space for the RDAoutput (~150MB). It does not matter where you create this directory or what itis named, but the same user that runs RDA must own it. Do not use a directorythat contains an older version of RDA unless you have deleted the previousversion of RDA first. If necessary, you can reuse prior setup files.
Note: Therda.zip creates a directory named "rda" containing all the requiredfiles when you extract it.
--解壓之后會(huì)創(chuàng)建rda的目錄
Do not extract the contents of the RDA archive on a Windows client first or youwill have to remove the ^M characters from the end of each line in all of theshell scripts in order for them to run.
--不要在windows 平臺(tái)上解壓縮linux 的RDA。 因?yàn)檫@樣會(huì)移除shell腳本每行的^M 字符。
2) FTP the downloaded rda.zip fileto your UNIX server in binary mode and place it in the directory chosen in step1.
3) Extract the .zip archivecontents into a new directory, preserving the directory structure of thearchive. Do not extract into a directory that contains an older RDA version.For example:
unzip rda.zip
4) Make sure the RDA command(rda.sh and rda.pl) is executable. To verify, enter the following command:
chmod +x<rda>
--確認(rèn)rda.sh 和 rda.pl 腳本的權(quán)限。 這2個(gè)腳本作用是一樣的，只是一個(gè)是shell，一個(gè)是perl，都是用來收集信息的，如果我們要使用RDA,就是執(zhí)行其中一個(gè)腳本就可以了。
5) You can verify the RDAinstallation using the following command:
./<rda>-cv
--rda 不需要安裝，解壓縮之后就可以使用了。
Linux 上的一個(gè)示例：
[oracle@rac2 u01]$ unzipp12561777_424_LINUX.zip
……
[oracle@rac2 u01]$ cd rda
[oracle@rac2 rda]$ ls
ccr DISCLAIM.txt IRDA RDA rda.pl README_Unix.txt README_Windows.txt
Convert engine irda.pl rda.cmd rda.sh README_upgrade.txt
dfw hcve modules rda.com README_irda.txt README_VMS.txt
[oracle@rac2 rda]$ ll
total 428
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 ccr
drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 Convert
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 dfw
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4106 Mar 3114:59 DISCLAIM.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 engine
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 hcve
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2715:33 IRDA
-r-xr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 18216 Mar 31 14:59 irda.pl
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 20480 May 27 15:33 modules
drwxr-x--- 5 oracle oinstall 36864 Sep 719:45 output
drwxr-xr-x 11 oracle oinstall 4096 May 27 15:33 RDA
-r-xr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 7266 Mar 3114:59 rda.cmd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 7762 Mar 3114:59 rda.com
-r-xr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 56763 May 20 15:22 rda.pl
-r-xr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 7911 May 1712:31 rda.sh
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3367 Mar 3114:59 README_irda.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 14612 May 11 09:51 README_Unix.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4640 Mar 3114:59 README_upgrade.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16472 May 23 10:42 README_VMS.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 14591 May 18 19:57 README_Windows.txt
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 79475 Sep 719:43 setup.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 79505 Sep 719:45 setup.cfg
[oracle@rac2 rda]$
--驗(yàn)證rda，
[oracle@rac1 rda]$ rda.sh -cv
Loading the file list ...
Checking the directory '.' ...
Checking the directory 'IRDA' ...
Checking the directory 'IRDA/CV0100' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Archive' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Handle' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Library' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Library/Remote'...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Local' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Object' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Operator' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Value' ...
Checking the directory 'RDA/Web' ...
Checking the directory 'dfw/cv0100' ...
Checking the directory 'engine' ...
Checking the directory 'hcve' ...
Checking the directory 'modules' ...
No issues found
[oracle@rac1 rda]$
3.2 RDA使用說明
關(guān)于RDA的詳細(xì)使用說明，參考：
RemoteDiagnostic Agent (RDA) 4 - FAQ [ID 330363.1]
在Linux/Unix操作系統(tǒng)中，oracle推薦在數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建用戶下執(zhí)行（oracle用戶）。在第一次使用RDA時(shí)， 會(huì)在命令行上有一些交互的信息，會(huì)讓你確實(shí)是否收集某些信息。等確認(rèn)完畢后，會(huì)在rda目錄下面生成2個(gè)配置文件：setup.cfg、setup.bak。 這里面保存了交互時(shí)確認(rèn)的信息。
當(dāng)我們下次執(zhí)行RDA時(shí)，那么就不需要再次進(jìn)行交互信息的確認(rèn)。 直接從第一次生成的配置文件中讀取即可。 這個(gè)交互信息非常多，是需要點(diǎn)耐心來逐步確認(rèn)的。也可以通過命令生成默認(rèn)的配置文件。 如果我們想更改收集的配置，那么可以直接修改這2個(gè)配置文件。 在執(zhí)行rda 命令就可以了。
RDA 收集的信息會(huì)默認(rèn)會(huì)放到/rda/output 文件夾下，在第一次運(yùn)行RDA時(shí)，會(huì)提示指定RDA文件已什么開頭，并保存在什么位置。 RDA文件有2種格式的文件，一個(gè)是html，一個(gè)是txt。 其中會(huì)有一個(gè)_start.htm 的文件，我們可以通過這個(gè)文件開開始閱讀整個(gè)RDA。
在生成RDA 文件的同時(shí)，默認(rèn)還會(huì)把RDA文件打成一個(gè)壓縮包。 這個(gè)壓縮包里的內(nèi)容和我們output文件夾下的一致。 這個(gè)壓縮包是用來發(fā)送oracle的。 一般創(chuàng)建SR時(shí)，Oracle 會(huì)要求提供這個(gè)RDA的壓縮包。
3.2.1 MOS 的文檔上貼幾個(gè)常見的問題
（1）How do I force RDA to run Setup again?
RDA will readthe values it finds in "setup.cfg" first before requiring to answerany setup questions. You can force RDA to start the setup process again intwo(2) ways.
--在非第一次運(yùn)行RDA的情況下，默認(rèn)會(huì)讀取setup.cfg文件。 如果要強(qiáng)制的再次setup，有如下2種方法：
Deleting or renaming the"setup.cfg" file ：
$ ./rda.pl -S or
c:\>rda.cmd -S or
$ ./rda.sh -S
Running the following RDAcommand:
$ ./rda.pl -Sfn or
c:\>rda.cmd -Sfn or
$ ./rda.sh -Sfn
（2）How do I force RDA to collect data again?
RDA will readthe values it finds in <output> directory first, if it finds data thathas not been collected it will attempt to collect that data. However if youwant RDA to collect data again you can execute the following commands. (-v: verbose , C: collect , R: render into html, P:Package contents of output directory into archive, and f : forceexecution of all commands.
$ ./rda.sh -vCRPf or
c:\>rda.cmd -vCRPf or
$ ./rda.pl -vCRPf or
$./rda.sh -vf or
c:\>rda.cmd -vf
Finally, if youneed to run data collection for specific module again you can just run thefollowing command (OS: Operating system and DBA: Database)
$ ./rda.sh -vCRP OS DB or
c:\>rda.cmd -vCRP OS DBA
Note: Thecollection process will execute must faster and you will not receive anynotices when it completes. This also overwrite the data in the outputdirectory.
（3）Where is the RDA output located?
The output is aset of HTML files that are located in the RDA output directory which youspecified at setup (the default is /rda/output). You can review the datacollected, by using a Web Browser to open the following file located in theoutput directory:
RDA__start.htm
Note that thethe first part of the name "RDA" can be different, depending on yourspecific RDA setup.
The final outputis also packaged in an archive located in the output directory chosen duringRDA setup -- the packaged output file will have a .zip, .tar, .tar.gz,or .tar.Z extension.
If the datacollection was generated to assist in resolving a Service Request, send thereport archive (note: file name varies, but ends in .zip, .tar, .tar.gz,or .tar.Z ; e.a: RDA.RDA_db_autoxyz.zip) to Oracle Support byuploading the file via My Oracle Support. If FTP'ing the file, please be sureto FTP in BINARY format. Do not rename the file, as the file name helps OracleSupport quickly identify that RDA output is attached to the service request.>
Note: Thefinal output directory may not contain an archive file (.zip, .tar, .tar.gz,or .tar.Z ). If the archive is missing, please archive all the files inthe <output> manually and send them to Oracle Support. You canuse a packaging/archive utility program like http://www.info-zip.org/Zip.html toperform this task.
（4）What does the RDA-nnnnn error mean when I executedRDA?
RDA has a builtin error handling mechanism. You can discover the meaning and possible solutionto the error by using the following RDA command line argument: rda.pl -E {ERROR#} . i.e:
可以使用RDA 命令查看對(duì)應(yīng)錯(cuò)誤的詳細(xì)說明
$ ./rda.pl -E RDA-14
RDA-00014: %d issue(s) found in the RDA installation
*Cause: issues encountered when checking the RDA installation
*Action: A fresh install of RDA is probably the easiest way to fix file
alteration problems. However, permission problems can result from
other factors:
- If RDA has been installed by another user, the default settings
could be too restrictive. Please review the local context with
that user and your appropriate local authorities.
- Execution permissions can be missing on startup scripts for other
platforms and when perl is not available from the command line.
（5）Can RDA be setup without asking any questions?
Yes. RDA wasdesigned to determine values to setup question from the customer OSenvironment. You can also, pass all default parameters and values in a singlecommand like this:
$ ./rda.pl-Sy -e SQL_SYSDBA=1,SQL_LOGIN=/ OS INST DB
在前面講到，第一次運(yùn)行RDA時(shí)，要確認(rèn)很多信息。 那么可以使用這種方法避免進(jìn)行交互。 當(dāng)然如果是初次使用RDA， 還是很有必要了解一下收集的內(nèi)容。
這里要注意的事，該命令僅僅是快速的生成配置文件，并沒有生成RDA的信息。 我們還是需要再次運(yùn)行rda.sh 命令的。
（6）Can RDA be scheduled to run automatically via CRONor AT?
Yes. You need tocheck with your OS documentation regarding running scheduling applications likeCRON and AT. Please note you may need purge RDA log files in the <output>directory and encode passwords in your setup.cfgwhen required.
（7）How can I reduce the size or amount of RDA outputfiles?
RDA has 2mechanisms to reduce the size and quantity of trace and log files it collectsand packages in the output file. The first is built into the advance setupprofiles of the various collection modules, specifically for the (INI, DB,WEBC, IAS, GTW, RAC) modules and can be called using the following command(s):
$ rda.sh -S -p expert INI DB or
rda.cmd -S -p expert INI DB or
rda.pl -S -p expert INI DB
The second isusing the using "-e" switch when calling RDA (rda.sh, rda.cmd, orrda.pl):
See modules:DB:[DB_TRACE_AGE, ALERT_TAIL], INI:[RDA_TAIL], GTW:[GATEWAY_TAIL],IAS:[DCM_TAIL], WEBC:[WEBCACHE_TAIL], RAC:[CLUSTER_TAIL]
./rda.sh -e DB_TRACE_AGE=5,ALERT_TAIL=1000 or
./rda.cmd -e DB_TRACE_AGE=5, ALERT_TAIL=1000
（8）How do I verify the RDA package that I installedis not corrupted?
RDA has aninternal file verification system to handle most types of file corruptions, aslong as ./rda.pl, rda.sh, or rda.cmd can be called or not corrupt themselves:It can be run using the following command.
驗(yàn)證RDA的安裝是否正確
$ ./rda.sh -vc or
C:\>rda.cmd -vc or
$ ./rda.pl –vc
（9）Why is RDA taking a long time to run the setupprocess?
Commandexecution can be slow to start when there are difficulties to detect the TCP/IPdomain of the server that RDA is running on. The setup process can takesseveral minutes in some circumstances. The RDA_DOMAINenvironment variable can avoid that.
On UNIX:
$RDA_DOMAIN=oracle.com
./rda.sh -S or
$RDA_DOMAIN=oracle.com
$export RDA_DOMAIN
$./rda.sh -S
On Windows:
C:\set\RDA_DOMAIN=oracle.com
C:\rda.cmd -S
（10）How to disable the parallel collection in RDA 4.18and later?
Set the defaultfor NO_PARALLEL to 1 in modules/S000INI.cfg, and specify NO_PARALLEL=1 in allsetup files already present.
[oracle@rac2 rda]$ catsetup.bak |grep NO_PARALLEL
NO_PARALLEL=0
3.2.2 使用示例
（1）先演示一下交互信息配置
因?yàn)槲抑耙呀?jīng)運(yùn)行過，所以這里使用上面的方法，強(qiáng)制RDA 再次配置一次。
[oracle@rac1 rda]$rda.sh -Sfn
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S000INI: Initializes the Data Collection
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RDA uses the output file prefix to identifyall files belonging to the same
data collection. The prefix must start witha letter and must contain only
alphanumeric characters.
Enter the prefix to be used for all thegenerated files
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (RDA)
> dave
Enter the directory used for all the filesto be generated
Hit 'Return' to accept the default(/u01/rda/output)
>
Do you want to keep report packages fromprevious runs (Y/N)?
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (N)
>
Enter the Oracle home to be used for dataanalysis
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
>
Enter the network domain name for thisserver
> oracle.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S010CFG: Collects Key ConfigurationInformation
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S090OCM: Set up the Configuration ManagerInterface
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RDA benefits from Oracle ConfigurationManager by improving its data
collection. Oracle Configuration Manager(OCM) collects the configuration
information and uploads it to the OCMRepository in connected mode. When OCM
is configured in disconnected mode, it addsthe OCM payload to the RDA report
packages in future RDA runs.
Select the mode that you want to installOracle Configuration Manager in
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
C Connected Mode
D Disconnected Mode
Enter the letter corresponding to yourchoice
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (C)
> c
Do you want to install OCM Databasecollection scripts (Y/N)?
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (Y)
>
Enter a SYSDBA user for installing the OCMDatabase collection scripts
Hit 'Return' to accept the default (sys)
>
…..
The setup has been interrupted（crtl+c）
Do you want to restart it(Y/N)?n
RDA-00121: RDA setupinterrupted
這里的信息還有很多。 就不貼了，強(qiáng)制中斷，然后使用我們?nèi)磕J(rèn)參數(shù)的方法。
（2）直接使用默認(rèn)的參數(shù)，避免交互配置
--生成默認(rèn)配置文件
[oracle@rac1 rda]$ rda.pl-Sy -e SQL_SYSDBA=1,SQL_LOGIN=/ OS
[oracle@rac1 rda]$ ls
ccr engine modules rda.com README_Unix.txt setup.bak
Convert hcve output rda.pl README_upgrade.txt setup.cfg
dfw IRDA RDA rda.sh README_VMS.txt
DISCLAIM.txt irda.pl rda.cmd README_irda.txt README_Windows.txt
--生成RDA
[oracle@rac1 rda]$rda.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RDA Data Collection Started 07-Sep-201123:22:29
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processing Initialization module ...
Enter the password for 'SYSTEM':
Please re-enter it to confirm:
Processing OCM module ...
Processing CFG module ...
Processing PERF module ...
Processing Sampling module ...
Processing OS module ...
Processing PROF module ...
Processing NET module ...
Processing Oracle installation module ...
Processing RDBMS module ...
Processing LOG module ...
Processing WREQ module ...
Processing IREQ module ...
Processing JDEV module ...
Processing RDSP module ...
Processing LOAD module ...
Processing End module ...
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RDA Data Collection Ended 07-Sep-201123:24:32
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Youcan review the reports by transferring the contents of the
/u01/rda/output directory to a location whereyou have web-browser access.
Then, point your browser at this file todisplay the reports:
RDA__start.htm
Based on your server configuration, somepossible alternative approaches are:
- Ifyour client computer with a browser has access to a web shared
directory, copy the /u01/rda/output directory to the web shareddirectory
and visit this URL:
http://machine:port/web_shared_directory/RDA__start.htm
or
- Ifyour client computer with a browser has FTP access to the server
computer with the /u01/rda/output directory, visit this URL:
ftp://root@rac1//u01/rda/output/RDA__start.htm
Ifthis file was generated to assist in resolving a Service Request, please
send/u01/rda/output/RDA.RDA_rac1.zip to Oracle Support by uploading the file
viaMy Oracle Support. If ftp'ing the file, please be sure to ftp in BINARY
format.
Please note: Do not submit any health, paymentcard or other sensitive
production data that requires protectionsgreater than those specified in the
Oracle GCS Security Practices
(http://www.oracle.com/us/support/library/customer-support-security-practices-069170.pdf).
Information on how to remove data from yoursubmission is available at
https://support.oracle.com/oip/faces/secure/km/DocumentDisplay.jspx?id=1227943.1
RDA-00017: Warning - 1 command(s) notexecuted in CFG module(s)
[oracle@rac1 rda]$
這個(gè)收集的時(shí)間和CPU 有一定的關(guān)系。
3.3 查看RDA的信息
在3.2 節(jié)生成了RDA的信息。 這里可以用winscp 工具把/rda/output 目錄下的文件傳到windows，然后使用IE 進(jìn)程查看。 打開*_start.htm
這個(gè)就是RDA的首頁。 左邊還有具體各個(gè)小項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。
有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫的信息，都在RDBMS條目下：
通過這個(gè)示例，也可以看到RDA 收集的信息非常詳細(xì)，從OS到DB。如果想要了解一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的狀況，使用RDA 是最方便的方式。這個(gè)估計(jì)也是Oracle 需要RDA的一個(gè)重要原因了。
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